Cold War Paper Essays - International Relations, Time,

Cold War Paper The job of America toward the finish of World War II was the place the roots of policing the world begin. America had been occupied with an expensive war regarding dollars just as lives. However, in spite of the cost the United States came out of World War II better than whatever other country that was included. The Second World War was a fight between the Allied and Axis Powers. The Allied Powers comprised of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and France. This war was viewed as the battle against Nazi Germany, and consequently brought about a greater part of the fights battled on German and Russian soil. The repercussions left the Soviet Union in a bad way. Near twenty million Russians had kicked the bucket battling the war, which represented around eight percent of their populace. Alternately, none of the battling was done on American soil, and keeping in mind that the United States endured regarding setbacks it was nothing contrasted with the misfortune Rus sia had persevered. Since the war would not end until the Axis Powers completely gave up to the Allied Powers, the United States had to utilize the main nuclear fighting ever. The nuclear bomb would later fill in as America's most noteworthy belonging. Stalin, the Premier of the Soviet Union had consistently questioned the American and English expectations. As a result of Stalin's animosity and disposition relating to Soviet effect on Europe, the after war position on Russia had transformed into a stalemate. This turned into the cause of the Cold War. The Cold War, seen as a fight among socialism and free enterprise, was truly a progressively mind boggling battle over a wide scope of ideological, monetary, and vital issues. (Henretta, 868) Over the following quite a long while the United States would spend more cash on military and barrier than any time in recent memory. A few measures were taken to guarantee that similar slip-ups toward the finish of World War I would not be rehashed. The first in a progression of measures was an after war gathering including President Truman and the Soviet Foreign Minister, V.M. Molokov, where Truman controlled the whole gathering and fundamentally reproved the Soviet's for not respecting concess ions to Poland. Truman told the Russians exactly where the got off and for the most part bossed the entire gathering. (Henretta, p. 869) This represented America's solid arm position against socialism and implied the position we would hold all through the Cold War. The following stage in Truman's plan was to work with Congress to pass the National Security Act of 1947, which was intended to reinforce safeguard tasks. This demonstration made a solitary Department of Defense, and made the Central Intelligence Agency, or CIA. These two new offices went about as the initial phase in nuclear fighting administration. Proceeding to go about as police of the world and pioneer of private enterprise, Truman drafted the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan, which supplemented the Truman Doctrine, was a program of huge scope monetary and military guide to Europe. (Heretta, p.871) Considered by a few, this was the most inventive bit of international strategy in American History. Where throughout the following four years the United States contributed over $12 billion to an exceptionally fruitful recuperation exertion. (Heretta, p. 874) The Soviet Union stilled told a bar on expressway, rail, and waterway traffic to West Berlin. Therefore, the United States reacted by going into a peacetime military union; this being the first run through since the American Revolution. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) a venture costing $1.3 billion, empowered the basing of every one of the four United States Army divisions into Western Europe. Twelve countries consented to sign this agreement that expressed an outfitted assault against at least one of them in Europe or North America will be viewed as an assault against them all. (Henretta, p. 875) Consequently, a couple of months after the fact, Stalin lifted the barricade which had made the city an image of protection from socialism. (Henretta, p.875) Between the formation of NATO, the National Security Act and CIA, and the Marshall Plan, America was directing their situation with Russia and socialism. These measures made it workable for Americans to turn out to be pro gressively OK with the Cold War. While these legislative strategies were being placed energetically, Americans

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A Study Guide, which gives the accompanying: a. A direction of every section, alongside a framework of the significant points being tended to. B. Test issues for the understudy to finish, with the worked-out arrangements. C. Individual test questions (valid/bogus and different decision) with answers. D. An instructional exercise on understanding the inward pace of return. E. An inside and out self-showing supplement on capital-planning procedures. 2. Partner Website online examination gulled for the understudy Includes valid/bogus, various hooch, and short answer tests for each chapter.From my. Pre-birth. Com/indicated understudies can likewise get to the Internet works out, recent developments articles with questions, and Excel spreadsheets for the finish of-section issues. For the educator: 1. A Test Item File gives in excess of 1600 different decision, valid/bogus, and short-answer inquiries with complete and itemized answers. It is intended for use with the Prentice Hall Custom T est, an automated bundle that permits clients to specially craft, spare, and produce study hall tests. 2. Friend Website offers scholastic help for workforce receiving this text.From the www. Pre-birth. Com/demonstrated content site, you can download enhancements and talk helps, for example, teacher's manuals, address notes, Powering introductions, issues and case arrangements, and section plots. Register on the web or call your Prentice Hall agent to get the vital last name and secret word to get to these detail enhancements or contact Prentice Hall Sales straightforwardly at 3. Controlling talk notes. These Powering illustrations give singular talk blueprints to go with Foundations of Finance.These addresses are class tried and can be utilized with no guarantees or handily altered to mirror your particular introduction needs. 4. Shading transparencies for the essential sections of the content, including a short outline of the part, a portion of the shows in the content, and model issues that are helpful in addresses. 5 Excel spreadsheet answers for end-of-section issues downloaded from www. Pre-birth. Com/appeared. For any instructor needing data about the enhancements, it would be ideal if you contact the Prentice-Hall field delegate for your zone. Additionally, don't hesitate to call any of the creators with any inquiries you may have.By calceolaria e. An inside and out self-showing supplement on capital-planning methods. 2. Partner Website online examination direct for the understudy incorporates valid/bogus, numerous decision, and short answer tests for every section. From www. Pre-birth. Com/indicated understudies can likewise get to the web works out, recent developments articles with the essential family name and secret word to get to these advanced enhancements or contact Prentice Hall Sales straightforwardly at [emailâ protected] Com. 3. Driving with no guarantees or handily adjusted to mirror your particular introduction needs.

Interview with SIPA MIA Candidate, Lauren Podber COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Interview with SIPA MIA Candidate, Lauren Podber COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Lauren Podber Degree: Dual (BA/MIA) Concentration: International Security Policy Specialization: Regional: Middle East Lauren is a second-year SIPA student pursuing an MIA degree with a concentration in International Security Policy. During her time at SIPA, which has overlapped with her final year at Columbia’s undergraduate School of General Studies (GS), Lauren has worked for Court Square Capital Partners, a private equity firm, as well as choreographed for Fordham University’s Dance Team. During the Summer of 2012 and of 2013, Lauren interned in the Intelligence and Cyber Operating Unit, at a defense contractor in Northern Virginia. This summer, in addition to working at Court Square and Fordham, Lauren continued studying Persian/Farsi, which she has been learning over the course of the past three years. Before coming to Columbia as an undergraduate in 2009, Lauren was a professional dancer. She graduated magna cum laude and phi beta kappa with a degree in Middle Eastern, South Asian and African Studies from Columbia University in February 2014. What did you do before coming to SIPA? I worked as a professional dancer before coming to SIPA. Although I was formally trained as a classical ballet dancer at the Joffrey Ballet School and Kirov Academy of Ballet, I ended up working as a professional dancer/cheerleader for the New Jersey Devils, a hockey team, as well as several smaller teams managed by the owners of the Devils. I also worked for House of the Roses Volunteer Dance Company: a non profit organization providing free, onsite dance instruction to homeless and at-risk children in transitional shelters and community centers in NYC and the Bronx.     In 2009, I came to Columbia’s undergraduate School of General Studies to pursue a degree in Middle Eastern Studies. On the left: a group of House of the Roses dancers after a performance at “Project Dance” in Time Square, in 2010. On the right: NHL Playoffs 2009. I’m second from the right, and the palest of the group!   What attracted you to SIPA? The professors! I heard about the program from a friend in GS, and I remember looking at the online course bulletin for ISP (International Security Policy) and deciding right then and there that I needed to apply. I was so excited to sign up for so many of the courses. In addition, continuing at Columbia, allowed me to take an extra year of Persian/Farsi with my favorite language teacher. Lastly, as someone who would have finished college at 28, it allowed me to complete a masters degree more quickly, which should hopefully be beneficial in the job search! What kind of work do you hope to do when you graduate? I’m most interested in the Middle East and Central Asia. Hopefully, I’ll end up working somewhere where I am focused on Iran, and get to continue learning the language. Given the ever-changing global landscape, this could be completely irrelevant five years from now, so I’m keeping an open mind!

The Negative Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage Essay

If we took away the minimum wage, we could wipe out unemployment completely because we would be able to offer jobs at every possible skill level. -- Michele Bachmann Proponents of raising the minimum wage claim that if the minimum wage was raised, then many economic and social problems would be alleviated. This contention is at odds both with economic principles and years of creditable research. The effect of raising or even having a minimum wage has been studied extensively and the majority of studies have proven that raising a minimum wage does not have the desired effect. Both micro and macroeconomic forces affect the results of raising the minimum wage. The secondary effects of raising the minimum wage are bad both for†¦show more content†¦This results in some workers losing their jobs. The majority of these workers will be those who are the least productive. When the cost of labor is increased artificially by legislation instead of through market forces, companies will attempt to reduce their cost. When you pay someone more to work, the assumption is that they will have more disposable income and increased consumption will contribute to the economy as a whole. By increasing the cost of labor without an increase in productivity, market forces will cause a business to look for alternatives either through reduction in work force or by relocating jobs (offshoring). While those who are still employed will see an increase in pay, those lost their job will have no income and the government will lose the taxes associated with those jobs. Businesses will not just reduce the number of employees they will also seek to maximize their profit by reducing benefits. While most minimum wage jobs do not offer much in the way of benefits, many at least offer some form of incentive. In some cases it may be a free of reduced cost meal, others may offer at least some form of basic health plan or 401(k). The effect of raising the minimum wage is also disproportionate, affecting small businesses more than larger companies. This leads to a greater incentive for a small business to participate in the black market for labor, by paying employees in cash in order to pay them less thanShow MoreRelatedThe Positive and Negative Effects of Raising Minimum Wage805 Words   |  4 Pagessensitive topic for many Americans is their income. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in government as to what the minimum wage should be. Stuck at $7.25, Obama has suggested raising the minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or negative. Minimum wage has the ability to change lives, and change the economy. Small businesses and unemploymentRead MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage889 Words   |  4 Pages In my report, I will go into detail and show how raising the federal minimum wage would positively effect the economy. In doing so, I will be discussing how an increase in the federal minimum wage would make a vast improvement on the way many low income families live, and also how raising the federal minimum wage would boost the economy as it desperately needs. In raising the federal minimum wage, one might argue that it would cause a spike in the unemployment rate. The reasoning is that it wouldRead MoreEffect Of Raising Minimum Wage1215 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wage The minimum wage in this country has been a controversial issue. Many people believe it will help reduce poverty and boost the economy. However, they are not looking at the downfalls this will bring to our country. This could make the unemployment population rise, it will raise prices of other things, and would have little effect on reducing poverty. Raising the minimum wage would have a negative influence on our country. This movement throughout our countryRead MoreThe Debate Over Minimum Wage940 Words   |  4 Pages The debate on raising the minimum wage has been discussed in detail in Congress for the past eighteen months. But as of late, writer William Finnegan suggests, it is â€Å"among the many urgent issues that it [Congress] certainly won’t address.† Though this issue is important, Congress seems to be putting off making any real decision in regards to raising the minimum wage. The bill to raise minimum wage from $7.25 per hour to $10.10 and hour over a two year period had been thrown around for monthsRead MoreThe Effect of Minimum Wage on the American Economy800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of Minimum Wage on the American Economy A sensitive topic for many Americans is their income. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below the national minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in Congress as to what the national minimum wage should be. Currently at $7.25, Obama has suggested raising the national minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s economic perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or negativeRead MoreRaising Minimum Wage912 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage has long been a topic that has brought on many heated debates. It has been said over and over again that minimum wage should be raised. These people say that raising minimum wage only does good for people. However, I, along with many other people, believe this is wrong, and we should instead be making moves to keep minimum wage where it is. Raising minimum wage may provide some positive effects, but those positives only go on to be overwhelmed by the negat ive effects caused by it. WagesRead MoreEffect Of Raising Minimum Wage1215 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wage The minimum wage in this country has been a controversial issue. Many people believe it will help reduce poverty and boost the economy. However, they are not looking at the downfalls this will bring to our country. This could make the unemployment population rise, it will raise prices of other things, and would have little effect on reducing poverty. Raising the minimum wage would have a negative influence on our country. This movement throughout our country is beingRead MoreRaising the Minimum Wage: A Counter-Intuitive Solution Essay753 Words   |  4 PagesWhile some believe that raising the minimum wage will resolve poverty issues and lack of pay with the signing of legislation, the raising of the minimum wage to $10.10 an hour (as advocated by President Obama and the Democrats) would cause the poverty issue to be worse than it already is; inflation would occur, employees would be laid off, and minimum wage employees would lose welfare benefits, thus offsetting the wage increase. The Government should consider the effects on the American economy asRead MoreRaising The Minimum Wage Increase On Employment And Family Income Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesRaising the minimum wage America’s economy is built upon the free enterprise system which operates according to five principles: the freedom to choose our businesses, right to private property, profit motive, competition, and consumer freedom. This system allows pricing of goods and services and employee wages to be determined by the market. Raising the minimum wage will adversely affect the pricing of consumer goods and employee wages and can temporarily disrupt our economic system. According toRead MoreMcdonald s And The Minimum Wage993 Words   |  4 PagesMCDONALD’S AND THE MINIMUM WAGE Introduction Minimum wage has always been, and will probably always be, a controversial topic. Some believe raising the minimum wage is the solution to poverty, while others believe that raising the minimum wage is a recipe for â€Å"killing† jobs. This age old debate has come to the forefront recently as the â€Å"Fight for $15† by fast-food workers continues to grow. The campaign’s core argument is that the billion-dollar companies in the fast-food industry can afford to

Equity in the Classroom Essay - 821 Words

Equity in the Classroom The concerns regarding equity issues in math and science may seem minimal, but in reality are very large. Usually unintentionally, teachers pay more attention, and give more positive attention to boys in their classrooms. This is especially noticed in the areas of math and science. â€Å"Girls are equal to or ahead of boys in achievement† (Sadker, 1993, p. 67) in the early stages of schooling. So why do boys seem to do so much better in math and science in the later school years? Perhaps it is not that boys are just smarter than girls are. Studies have shown that teachers give boys more attention in the early and crucial years because they fear that the boys will fall behind in their school subjects, and that†¦show more content†¦Matyas and Kulm (NCREL, 2001a) suggested the following on the North Central Regional Educational Laboratory’s website: â€Å"(1) use hands-on activities, (2) develop problem-solving skills, (3) foster co operative learning, (4) show enthusiasm and have high expectations for all, (5) use gender- and race-balanced oral and written instructions and materials, (6) use activities and resources that are familiar within the cultures of a wide variety of students, (7) include minority, female, and disabled role models in instruction† (Internet resource a). As a female, I have been very aware of this type of favoring for several years. I always thought that it was unfair that the boys were always called on in math class, and that boys always got to demonstrate the science experiments to the girls. At one point, I just wanted to give up and shrivel in a chair in the back of the class--but I didn’t. Instead I promised myself that I would do as well as I could. I never got equal attention in the math and science area throughout my middle school and high school years. I did poorly in chemistry and was not helped, even when I volunteered to come in before or after school for help. During my first year of college I was a dairy science major. There were only seven girls in the major and we were treated like girls. We were not allowed to do the physical work, but when it came to writing papers we were called. I demanded to be allowed equal opportunity in this major andShow MoreRelatedReflection On Change : Establish Equity Withi n The Classroom888 Words   |  4 PagesReflection on change Establish equity in the classroom can be hard work, and would mean that the entire team is committed to achieving equity for all students. However, it is with small changes we can go step by step to reach the goal. That is why, one change that I can in my classroom is to teach differently each day. â€Å"Just as heterogeneous grouping engages all levels of students, differentiated instruction engages all types of learners.† (DiMartino Miles, 2004, p. 47). How will I set thisRead MoreDiversity and Equity Audit in My First Grade Classroom Community932 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst grade at Lowe Elementary School; my class is made up of twenty-four very diverse seven year-olds; they come from all over the city of Louisville, from a variety of socio-economic situations. Each student brings a unique personality to our classroom community, and they all work hard to become â€Å"smarter and smarter† and to â€Å"go to college†. Thirteen students are boys and eleven a re girls. Of these twenty-four students, three of them are English Language Learners. Additionally, eight students receiveRead MoreChallenging Inequity: . I Saw A Great Establishment Of1707 Words   |  7 PagesChallenging Inequity: I saw a great establishment of classroom community, ethics and equity during my recent practicum experience with years three and four. The school regulations and policies concerning equity were established in the classroom and reinforced from the very start. These rules and regulations established were visually accessible within the classroom for all students and were reiterated orally throughout the day. Regulations around equity also engendered expectations for/of teachers. TheRead MoreParental Involvement On Children s Studies1217 Words   |  5 Pagesto be involved. Positive phone calls or emails home to encourage the parents to congratulate their kids on the success and tell them to strive for more. I stated before, this would be something that would be very beneficial to having a successful classroom. Auditing for Teaching and Learning is another significant key to a child’s education. The belief is that for students to learn they need to be entirely engaged. That engagement level is called Active Cognitive Engagement. This is the kind of focusRead MoreObstacles For Children At The Classroom : Bullies, Ineffective Teaching Strategies, Poor Classroom Management Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesThere are numerous obstacles for children to hurdle in the classroom: bullies, ineffective teaching strategies, poor classroom management; however, the issue that concerns me the most is equity. I saw problems caused by lack of equity all throughout my childhood and I still see them now when I enter classrooms to observe. Personally, I struggled with the fact that I would never have the opportunity to travel the world like many of my peers were able to—my family simply couldn’t afford it. I feltRead More Reflective Research Paper1619 Words   |  7 Pagesgender equity ha s been used to help remove those biases. Equity refers to having equal expectations and treating students of different sexes and cultural backgrounds equally. Gender biases have been a problem in education for years. In the past boys and girls have had different expectations when it comes to education. Boys have generally been taught to take leadership roles and girls to take more passive roles. In recent years gender equity has helped remove gender biases from the classroom, givingRead More Reflective Research Paper1164 Words   |  5 PagesReflective Research Paper I have connected the reflective research paper to objective # 1 because it made me examine my personal belief and attitude on gender equity issues. I did not realize that gender equity existed at the level that it does until researching the topic. Doing the research made me realize that the way we teach directly affects how children learn in every aspect. Gender inequities in the fields of math and science are well researched and the results are shocking. WomenRead MoreEssay on Gender Equity in Education1632 Words   |  7 PagesGender Equity in Education Gender equity issues in mathematics and science have been the focus of many educators and researchers for years. Women have often been denied an equal education in math and science for many reasons. Parents and teachers must realize this fact and change their habits wherever necessary. Girls must be given the same opportunity as boys from the beginning, particularly in math and science where girls tend to lag behind. First of all, the term gender equity mustRead MoreEssay on Gender Bias in the Classroom1589 Words   |  7 PagesGender Bias in the Classroom RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND THEORIES OF LEARNING Gender inequity is not only learned and accepted in the socialization process that starts at home, but is also present in the school environment form the very early years. Parents and teachers consciously or unconsciously reinforce sex stereotypes. In 1992 Olivares and Rosenthals research findings examined three areas: Read MoreStudents Should Not Be Special Assistance933 Words   |  4 Pagesequal outcomes, or to promote equity. While there exists an apparent disconnect between these philosophies of education, they are fundamentally linked which ultimately demonstrates that providing mathematically talented children with special assistance is about supporting both academic excellence and about promoting equity. The argument that mathematically talented children should not receive special assistance originates in the view that education is about promoting equity. Providing mathematically

Life Cycle For Older Adults An Older Person s Sense Of...

an older person’s sense of self-esteem and confidence that was once stronger in the eight stage is now at a weaken state and breeds a sense that hope and trust are diminishing fast (page 110 life cycle extended). In basic terms, in the ninth stage, elders have very limited mobility, are most likely entirely dependent on other as they can no longer depend on their mind or bodies for the stability they once had earlier in older adulthood. According Erikson (1997), the ability of elders to engage like they once did when younger is now â€Å"overshadowed by new incapacities and dependencies† (p. 115). Whereas the eighth stage focused on having wisdom and integrity and avoiding the despair losing them, the ninth stage of the life cycle for older†¦show more content†¦According to Biordi Nicholson (as cited in Elder Retrum (2012), social isolation is the distancing of an individual, psychologically or physically, or both, from his or her network of desired or needed relationships with other persons. Therefore, social isolation is a loss of place within one’s group(s) (p. 2). According to Elder Retrum (2012), social isolation appears to be a blended issue involving psychological, physical and social contributing factors. Once social isolation occurs, it has been shown â€Å"to impact the psychological and cognitive well-being of older adults (Nicholson, 2012), p. 140). According to Elder Retrum (2012), the psychological risk factors for social isolation in older adults tend to be reflected in mental health challenges such as dementia and depression. Physical risk factors that include such things as limited mobility; incontinence, vision/hearing loss and physical fatigue help to fuel the onset of social isolation (Nicolson, 2012). Social factors’ including death of friends and family and language barriers also contributes to social isolation (Elder Retrum, 2012). When combined, these psychological, physical and social factors can lead to full blown isolation in older adults causing them to feel they have a lack of

Workflow Design Tools in the Health Information Management

Question: Define each of the following work design tools and provide an example of how/when each might be used in health information management: workflow diagram, process flowchart, top down process map, swimlane diagram and use case. Answer: Definition and Example of workflow Diagram A workflow includes repetition of all activities of the business enabled by the systematic organization of resources in transformation of materials, services and process information. It involves all the operations in a sequence declared as work of a group, staff or more than the complex mechanisms. Workflow considers as the representation of real work. The flow show as the documents of the services of health care being transfers from one to another. It identifies all the hurdles by improving the full utilization of resources (Sharp and McDermott, 2013). Example: In data analysis of health care, a workflow can be used to represent the steps in a clear sequence that makes the complex data analysis involves data manipulation and data search steps. Process flowchart Definition and example Flowcharts help in visualizing all the steps in the process. It is use to search one source of a problem or more than one with an identification of its solutions/ improvements. Process flowcharts are used to show the relation in between the major parts of the system (DeRosier, Stalhandske, Bagian , Nudell , 2011). Groups and the whole departments is accountable for taking the charge of the process and complete task. The whole process shows through the flowchart. All individuals works under the process flowchart consider as players. Sequential thinking helps in identifying the steps in the process flowchart. Flowchart shows graphically with the help of rows and columns corresponding to the attached work units example- Nursing (Lighter, 2010). All steps of the flowchart are arranged properly in a sequence. In first step, place the card in the column / row that parallel to the player account for it The second step should be placed along within the process to clear and show that it will occur later. The flowchart of nursing shows below (Source: Public Health, Nurses only visit https://www.hrsa.gov/publichealth/business/healthit/toolbox/HealthITAdoptiontoolbox/index.html) Top down process map definition and example The top down method is known as the parking lot list. The main process steps are consider from the top and then all the sub processes are mentioned below efficiently limited the level of the detail present. Parking lot lists are always mentioned in hierarchical nature and clears the concept that how all the steps are mentioned on the map (Huser, Rasmussen, Oberg, Starren, 2011). A step mentioned below the process step is at the low level in the hierarchy than the step placed on besides the previous step of the process. This method is stated as weak because one level of the hierarchy has no link with the other maps. Example in health care- This method adopted to recognize the safety hazards for the patients in the quality and safety in health care. Mapping Level Detail Hierarchical Multiple flows Organization structure Icons Logic operators Flow time Citations Top down Swim lane diagram definition and example A swim lane diagram workflow uses the blocks showing all the steps use in the process. Diagrams consist with all the rows and the columns represent areas performing different functions. Functional area represents individual who has the responsibility for completing the steps. Each one represents different types of responsibilities. Steps uses in the block shown in the chronological order. It all seems easy when it comes for the overall process (Sharp and McDermot, 2013). Example: The details of the swim lane workflows show the process of the medical pre- authorization. Many health insurers need the medical procedures before rendering the services. From left to the right, each swim lane shown as a accountable party like insurer, member and provider. Each square box shows as a task in the process before starting of the next step. Use case definition and example Use case is imperative technique that is use at a large scale in modern software engineering since their formal introduction done by the scholar. It is a sequence of all interactions done in between the user and the system that make capable the user to meet his goals. Example- Collect all information on present medications, allergies and intolerances related to medication Make changes in an existed medications needs to be continued Communicate all information at discharge to the care at the next level References Huser, V, Rasmussen, LV, Oberg, R, Starren, JB. (2011). "Implementation of workflow engine technology to deliver basic clinical decision support functionality". BMC Medical Research Methodology 11: 43. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-43. PMC 3079703. PMID 21477364. edit Lighter, DE. (2010). Process orientation in health care quality. In: Moore C, editor. Quality management in health care: principles and methods. 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 43-101. DeRosier, J, Stalhandske, E, Bagian , J, Nudell , T.(2011). Using health care failure mode and effect analysis: The VA national center for patient safetys prospective risk analysis system. Jt Comm J Qual Improv. 2002 May; 28(5):248-267. Sharp, A and McDermott, P.(2013). Workflow Modeling: Tools for Process Improvement and Application Development . Norwood, MA. Fisher, Layna. (2012_. Workflow Handbook. Lighthouse Point, FL. https://www.futstrat.com/books/handbook06.php