Cold War Paper Essays - International Relations, Time,

Cold War Paper The job of America toward the finish of World War II was the place the roots of policing the world begin. America had been occupied with an expensive war regarding dollars just as lives. However, in spite of the cost the United States came out of World War II better than whatever other country that was included. The Second World War was a fight between the Allied and Axis Powers. The Allied Powers comprised of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and France. This war was viewed as the battle against Nazi Germany, and consequently brought about a greater part of the fights battled on German and Russian soil. The repercussions left the Soviet Union in a bad way. Near twenty million Russians had kicked the bucket battling the war, which represented around eight percent of their populace. Alternately, none of the battling was done on American soil, and keeping in mind that the United States endured regarding setbacks it was nothing contrasted with the misfortune Rus sia had persevered. Since the war would not end until the Axis Powers completely gave up to the Allied Powers, the United States had to utilize the main nuclear fighting ever. The nuclear bomb would later fill in as America's most noteworthy belonging. Stalin, the Premier of the Soviet Union had consistently questioned the American and English expectations. As a result of Stalin's animosity and disposition relating to Soviet effect on Europe, the after war position on Russia had transformed into a stalemate. This turned into the cause of the Cold War. The Cold War, seen as a fight among socialism and free enterprise, was truly a progressively mind boggling battle over a wide scope of ideological, monetary, and vital issues. (Henretta, 868) Over the following quite a long while the United States would spend more cash on military and barrier than any time in recent memory. A few measures were taken to guarantee that similar slip-ups toward the finish of World War I would not be rehashed. The first in a progression of measures was an after war gathering including President Truman and the Soviet Foreign Minister, V.M. Molokov, where Truman controlled the whole gathering and fundamentally reproved the Soviet's for not respecting concess ions to Poland. Truman told the Russians exactly where the got off and for the most part bossed the entire gathering. (Henretta, p. 869) This represented America's solid arm position against socialism and implied the position we would hold all through the Cold War. The following stage in Truman's plan was to work with Congress to pass the National Security Act of 1947, which was intended to reinforce safeguard tasks. This demonstration made a solitary Department of Defense, and made the Central Intelligence Agency, or CIA. These two new offices went about as the initial phase in nuclear fighting administration. Proceeding to go about as police of the world and pioneer of private enterprise, Truman drafted the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan, which supplemented the Truman Doctrine, was a program of huge scope monetary and military guide to Europe. (Heretta, p.871) Considered by a few, this was the most inventive bit of international strategy in American History. Where throughout the following four years the United States contributed over $12 billion to an exceptionally fruitful recuperation exertion. (Heretta, p. 874) The Soviet Union stilled told a bar on expressway, rail, and waterway traffic to West Berlin. Therefore, the United States reacted by going into a peacetime military union; this being the first run through since the American Revolution. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) a venture costing $1.3 billion, empowered the basing of every one of the four United States Army divisions into Western Europe. Twelve countries consented to sign this agreement that expressed an outfitted assault against at least one of them in Europe or North America will be viewed as an assault against them all. (Henretta, p. 875) Consequently, a couple of months after the fact, Stalin lifted the barricade which had made the city an image of protection from socialism. (Henretta, p.875) Between the formation of NATO, the National Security Act and CIA, and the Marshall Plan, America was directing their situation with Russia and socialism. These measures made it workable for Americans to turn out to be pro gressively OK with the Cold War. While these legislative strategies were being placed energetically, Americans

Provides the following

A Study Guide, which gives the accompanying: a. A direction of every section, alongside a framework of the significant points being tended to. B. Test issues for the understudy to finish, with the worked-out arrangements. C. Individual test questions (valid/bogus and different decision) with answers. D. An instructional exercise on understanding the inward pace of return. E. An inside and out self-showing supplement on capital-planning procedures. 2. Partner Website online examination gulled for the understudy Includes valid/bogus, various hooch, and short answer tests for each chapter.From my. Pre-birth. Com/indicated understudies can likewise get to the Internet works out, recent developments articles with questions, and Excel spreadsheets for the finish of-section issues. For the educator: 1. A Test Item File gives in excess of 1600 different decision, valid/bogus, and short-answer inquiries with complete and itemized answers. It is intended for use with the Prentice Hall Custom T est, an automated bundle that permits clients to specially craft, spare, and produce study hall tests. 2. Friend Website offers scholastic help for workforce receiving this text.From the www. Pre-birth. Com/demonstrated content site, you can download enhancements and talk helps, for example, teacher's manuals, address notes, Powering introductions, issues and case arrangements, and section plots. Register on the web or call your Prentice Hall agent to get the vital last name and secret word to get to these detail enhancements or contact Prentice Hall Sales straightforwardly at 3. Controlling talk notes. These Powering illustrations give singular talk blueprints to go with Foundations of Finance.These addresses are class tried and can be utilized with no guarantees or handily altered to mirror your particular introduction needs. 4. Shading transparencies for the essential sections of the content, including a short outline of the part, a portion of the shows in the content, and model issues that are helpful in addresses. 5 Excel spreadsheet answers for end-of-section issues downloaded from www. Pre-birth. Com/appeared. For any instructor needing data about the enhancements, it would be ideal if you contact the Prentice-Hall field delegate for your zone. Additionally, don't hesitate to call any of the creators with any inquiries you may have.By calceolaria e. An inside and out self-showing supplement on capital-planning methods. 2. Partner Website online examination direct for the understudy incorporates valid/bogus, numerous decision, and short answer tests for every section. From www. Pre-birth. Com/indicated understudies can likewise get to the web works out, recent developments articles with the essential family name and secret word to get to these advanced enhancements or contact Prentice Hall Sales straightforwardly at [emailâ protected] Com. 3. Driving with no guarantees or handily adjusted to mirror your particular introduction needs.

Interview with SIPA MIA Candidate, Lauren Podber COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Interview with SIPA MIA Candidate, Lauren Podber COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Lauren Podber Degree: Dual (BA/MIA) Concentration: International Security Policy Specialization: Regional: Middle East Lauren is a second-year SIPA student pursuing an MIA degree with a concentration in International Security Policy. During her time at SIPA, which has overlapped with her final year at Columbia’s undergraduate School of General Studies (GS), Lauren has worked for Court Square Capital Partners, a private equity firm, as well as choreographed for Fordham University’s Dance Team. During the Summer of 2012 and of 2013, Lauren interned in the Intelligence and Cyber Operating Unit, at a defense contractor in Northern Virginia. This summer, in addition to working at Court Square and Fordham, Lauren continued studying Persian/Farsi, which she has been learning over the course of the past three years. Before coming to Columbia as an undergraduate in 2009, Lauren was a professional dancer. She graduated magna cum laude and phi beta kappa with a degree in Middle Eastern, South Asian and African Studies from Columbia University in February 2014. What did you do before coming to SIPA? I worked as a professional dancer before coming to SIPA. Although I was formally trained as a classical ballet dancer at the Joffrey Ballet School and Kirov Academy of Ballet, I ended up working as a professional dancer/cheerleader for the New Jersey Devils, a hockey team, as well as several smaller teams managed by the owners of the Devils. I also worked for House of the Roses Volunteer Dance Company: a non profit organization providing free, onsite dance instruction to homeless and at-risk children in transitional shelters and community centers in NYC and the Bronx.     In 2009, I came to Columbia’s undergraduate School of General Studies to pursue a degree in Middle Eastern Studies. On the left: a group of House of the Roses dancers after a performance at “Project Dance” in Time Square, in 2010. On the right: NHL Playoffs 2009. I’m second from the right, and the palest of the group!   What attracted you to SIPA? The professors! I heard about the program from a friend in GS, and I remember looking at the online course bulletin for ISP (International Security Policy) and deciding right then and there that I needed to apply. I was so excited to sign up for so many of the courses. In addition, continuing at Columbia, allowed me to take an extra year of Persian/Farsi with my favorite language teacher. Lastly, as someone who would have finished college at 28, it allowed me to complete a masters degree more quickly, which should hopefully be beneficial in the job search! What kind of work do you hope to do when you graduate? I’m most interested in the Middle East and Central Asia. Hopefully, I’ll end up working somewhere where I am focused on Iran, and get to continue learning the language. Given the ever-changing global landscape, this could be completely irrelevant five years from now, so I’m keeping an open mind!

The Negative Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage Essay

If we took away the minimum wage, we could wipe out unemployment completely because we would be able to offer jobs at every possible skill level. -- Michele Bachmann Proponents of raising the minimum wage claim that if the minimum wage was raised, then many economic and social problems would be alleviated. This contention is at odds both with economic principles and years of creditable research. The effect of raising or even having a minimum wage has been studied extensively and the majority of studies have proven that raising a minimum wage does not have the desired effect. Both micro and macroeconomic forces affect the results of raising the minimum wage. The secondary effects of raising the minimum wage are bad both for†¦show more content†¦This results in some workers losing their jobs. The majority of these workers will be those who are the least productive. When the cost of labor is increased artificially by legislation instead of through market forces, companies will attempt to reduce their cost. When you pay someone more to work, the assumption is that they will have more disposable income and increased consumption will contribute to the economy as a whole. By increasing the cost of labor without an increase in productivity, market forces will cause a business to look for alternatives either through reduction in work force or by relocating jobs (offshoring). While those who are still employed will see an increase in pay, those lost their job will have no income and the government will lose the taxes associated with those jobs. Businesses will not just reduce the number of employees they will also seek to maximize their profit by reducing benefits. While most minimum wage jobs do not offer much in the way of benefits, many at least offer some form of incentive. In some cases it may be a free of reduced cost meal, others may offer at least some form of basic health plan or 401(k). The effect of raising the minimum wage is also disproportionate, affecting small businesses more than larger companies. This leads to a greater incentive for a small business to participate in the black market for labor, by paying employees in cash in order to pay them less thanShow MoreRelatedThe Positive and Negative Effects of Raising Minimum Wage805 Words   |  4 Pagessensitive topic for many Americans is their income. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in government as to what the minimum wage should be. Stuck at $7.25, Obama has suggested raising the minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or negative. Minimum wage has the ability to change lives, and change the economy. Small businesses and unemploymentRead MoreRaising The Federal Minimum Wage889 Words   |  4 Pages In my report, I will go into detail and show how raising the federal minimum wage would positively effect the economy. In doing so, I will be discussing how an increase in the federal minimum wage would make a vast improvement on the way many low income families live, and also how raising the federal minimum wage would boost the economy as it desperately needs. In raising the federal minimum wage, one might argue that it would cause a spike in the unemployment rate. The reasoning is that it wouldRead MoreEffect Of Raising Minimum Wage1215 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wage The minimum wage in this country has been a controversial issue. Many people believe it will help reduce poverty and boost the economy. However, they are not looking at the downfalls this will bring to our country. This could make the unemployment population rise, it will raise prices of other things, and would have little effect on reducing poverty. Raising the minimum wage would have a negative influence on our country. This movement throughout our countryRead MoreThe Debate Over Minimum Wage940 Words   |  4 Pages The debate on raising the minimum wage has been discussed in detail in Congress for the past eighteen months. But as of late, writer William Finnegan suggests, it is â€Å"among the many urgent issues that it [Congress] certainly won’t address.† Though this issue is important, Congress seems to be putting off making any real decision in regards to raising the minimum wage. The bill to raise minimum wage from $7.25 per hour to $10.10 and hour over a two year period had been thrown around for monthsRead MoreThe Effect of Minimum Wage on the American Economy800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of Minimum Wage on the American Economy A sensitive topic for many Americans is their income. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below the national minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in Congress as to what the national minimum wage should be. Currently at $7.25, Obama has suggested raising the national minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s economic perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or negativeRead MoreRaising Minimum Wage912 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage has long been a topic that has brought on many heated debates. It has been said over and over again that minimum wage should be raised. These people say that raising minimum wage only does good for people. However, I, along with many other people, believe this is wrong, and we should instead be making moves to keep minimum wage where it is. Raising minimum wage may provide some positive effects, but those positives only go on to be overwhelmed by the negat ive effects caused by it. WagesRead MoreEffect Of Raising Minimum Wage1215 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Raising Minimum Wage The minimum wage in this country has been a controversial issue. Many people believe it will help reduce poverty and boost the economy. However, they are not looking at the downfalls this will bring to our country. This could make the unemployment population rise, it will raise prices of other things, and would have little effect on reducing poverty. Raising the minimum wage would have a negative influence on our country. This movement throughout our country is beingRead MoreRaising the Minimum Wage: A Counter-Intuitive Solution Essay753 Words   |  4 PagesWhile some believe that raising the minimum wage will resolve poverty issues and lack of pay with the signing of legislation, the raising of the minimum wage to $10.10 an hour (as advocated by President Obama and the Democrats) would cause the poverty issue to be worse than it already is; inflation would occur, employees would be laid off, and minimum wage employees would lose welfare benefits, thus offsetting the wage increase. The Government should consider the effects on the American economy asRead MoreRaising The Minimum Wage Increase On Employment And Family Income Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesRaising the minimum wage America’s economy is built upon the free enterprise system which operates according to five principles: the freedom to choose our businesses, right to private property, profit motive, competition, and consumer freedom. This system allows pricing of goods and services and employee wages to be determined by the market. Raising the minimum wage will adversely affect the pricing of consumer goods and employee wages and can temporarily disrupt our economic system. According toRead MoreMcdonald s And The Minimum Wage993 Words   |  4 PagesMCDONALD’S AND THE MINIMUM WAGE Introduction Minimum wage has always been, and will probably always be, a controversial topic. Some believe raising the minimum wage is the solution to poverty, while others believe that raising the minimum wage is a recipe for â€Å"killing† jobs. This age old debate has come to the forefront recently as the â€Å"Fight for $15† by fast-food workers continues to grow. The campaign’s core argument is that the billion-dollar companies in the fast-food industry can afford to

Equity in the Classroom Essay - 821 Words

Equity in the Classroom The concerns regarding equity issues in math and science may seem minimal, but in reality are very large. Usually unintentionally, teachers pay more attention, and give more positive attention to boys in their classrooms. This is especially noticed in the areas of math and science. â€Å"Girls are equal to or ahead of boys in achievement† (Sadker, 1993, p. 67) in the early stages of schooling. So why do boys seem to do so much better in math and science in the later school years? Perhaps it is not that boys are just smarter than girls are. Studies have shown that teachers give boys more attention in the early and crucial years because they fear that the boys will fall behind in their school subjects, and that†¦show more content†¦Matyas and Kulm (NCREL, 2001a) suggested the following on the North Central Regional Educational Laboratory’s website: â€Å"(1) use hands-on activities, (2) develop problem-solving skills, (3) foster co operative learning, (4) show enthusiasm and have high expectations for all, (5) use gender- and race-balanced oral and written instructions and materials, (6) use activities and resources that are familiar within the cultures of a wide variety of students, (7) include minority, female, and disabled role models in instruction† (Internet resource a). As a female, I have been very aware of this type of favoring for several years. I always thought that it was unfair that the boys were always called on in math class, and that boys always got to demonstrate the science experiments to the girls. At one point, I just wanted to give up and shrivel in a chair in the back of the class--but I didn’t. Instead I promised myself that I would do as well as I could. I never got equal attention in the math and science area throughout my middle school and high school years. I did poorly in chemistry and was not helped, even when I volunteered to come in before or after school for help. During my first year of college I was a dairy science major. There were only seven girls in the major and we were treated like girls. We were not allowed to do the physical work, but when it came to writing papers we were called. I demanded to be allowed equal opportunity in this major andShow MoreRelatedReflection On Change : Establish Equity Withi n The Classroom888 Words   |  4 PagesReflection on change Establish equity in the classroom can be hard work, and would mean that the entire team is committed to achieving equity for all students. However, it is with small changes we can go step by step to reach the goal. That is why, one change that I can in my classroom is to teach differently each day. â€Å"Just as heterogeneous grouping engages all levels of students, differentiated instruction engages all types of learners.† (DiMartino Miles, 2004, p. 47). How will I set thisRead MoreDiversity and Equity Audit in My First Grade Classroom Community932 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst grade at Lowe Elementary School; my class is made up of twenty-four very diverse seven year-olds; they come from all over the city of Louisville, from a variety of socio-economic situations. Each student brings a unique personality to our classroom community, and they all work hard to become â€Å"smarter and smarter† and to â€Å"go to college†. Thirteen students are boys and eleven a re girls. Of these twenty-four students, three of them are English Language Learners. Additionally, eight students receiveRead MoreChallenging Inequity: . I Saw A Great Establishment Of1707 Words   |  7 PagesChallenging Inequity: I saw a great establishment of classroom community, ethics and equity during my recent practicum experience with years three and four. The school regulations and policies concerning equity were established in the classroom and reinforced from the very start. These rules and regulations established were visually accessible within the classroom for all students and were reiterated orally throughout the day. Regulations around equity also engendered expectations for/of teachers. TheRead MoreParental Involvement On Children s Studies1217 Words   |  5 Pagesto be involved. Positive phone calls or emails home to encourage the parents to congratulate their kids on the success and tell them to strive for more. I stated before, this would be something that would be very beneficial to having a successful classroom. Auditing for Teaching and Learning is another significant key to a child’s education. The belief is that for students to learn they need to be entirely engaged. That engagement level is called Active Cognitive Engagement. This is the kind of focusRead MoreObstacles For Children At The Classroom : Bullies, Ineffective Teaching Strategies, Poor Classroom Management Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesThere are numerous obstacles for children to hurdle in the classroom: bullies, ineffective teaching strategies, poor classroom management; however, the issue that concerns me the most is equity. I saw problems caused by lack of equity all throughout my childhood and I still see them now when I enter classrooms to observe. Personally, I struggled with the fact that I would never have the opportunity to travel the world like many of my peers were able to—my family simply couldn’t afford it. I feltRead More Reflective Research Paper1619 Words   |  7 Pagesgender equity ha s been used to help remove those biases. Equity refers to having equal expectations and treating students of different sexes and cultural backgrounds equally. Gender biases have been a problem in education for years. In the past boys and girls have had different expectations when it comes to education. Boys have generally been taught to take leadership roles and girls to take more passive roles. In recent years gender equity has helped remove gender biases from the classroom, givingRead More Reflective Research Paper1164 Words   |  5 PagesReflective Research Paper I have connected the reflective research paper to objective # 1 because it made me examine my personal belief and attitude on gender equity issues. I did not realize that gender equity existed at the level that it does until researching the topic. Doing the research made me realize that the way we teach directly affects how children learn in every aspect. Gender inequities in the fields of math and science are well researched and the results are shocking. WomenRead MoreEssay on Gender Equity in Education1632 Words   |  7 PagesGender Equity in Education Gender equity issues in mathematics and science have been the focus of many educators and researchers for years. Women have often been denied an equal education in math and science for many reasons. Parents and teachers must realize this fact and change their habits wherever necessary. Girls must be given the same opportunity as boys from the beginning, particularly in math and science where girls tend to lag behind. First of all, the term gender equity mustRead MoreEssay on Gender Bias in the Classroom1589 Words   |  7 PagesGender Bias in the Classroom RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND THEORIES OF LEARNING Gender inequity is not only learned and accepted in the socialization process that starts at home, but is also present in the school environment form the very early years. Parents and teachers consciously or unconsciously reinforce sex stereotypes. In 1992 Olivares and Rosenthals research findings examined three areas: Read MoreStudents Should Not Be Special Assistance933 Words   |  4 Pagesequal outcomes, or to promote equity. While there exists an apparent disconnect between these philosophies of education, they are fundamentally linked which ultimately demonstrates that providing mathematically talented children with special assistance is about supporting both academic excellence and about promoting equity. The argument that mathematically talented children should not receive special assistance originates in the view that education is about promoting equity. Providing mathematically

Life Cycle For Older Adults An Older Person s Sense Of...

an older person’s sense of self-esteem and confidence that was once stronger in the eight stage is now at a weaken state and breeds a sense that hope and trust are diminishing fast (page 110 life cycle extended). In basic terms, in the ninth stage, elders have very limited mobility, are most likely entirely dependent on other as they can no longer depend on their mind or bodies for the stability they once had earlier in older adulthood. According Erikson (1997), the ability of elders to engage like they once did when younger is now â€Å"overshadowed by new incapacities and dependencies† (p. 115). Whereas the eighth stage focused on having wisdom and integrity and avoiding the despair losing them, the ninth stage of the life cycle for older†¦show more content†¦According to Biordi Nicholson (as cited in Elder Retrum (2012), social isolation is the distancing of an individual, psychologically or physically, or both, from his or her network of desired or needed relationships with other persons. Therefore, social isolation is a loss of place within one’s group(s) (p. 2). According to Elder Retrum (2012), social isolation appears to be a blended issue involving psychological, physical and social contributing factors. Once social isolation occurs, it has been shown â€Å"to impact the psychological and cognitive well-being of older adults (Nicholson, 2012), p. 140). According to Elder Retrum (2012), the psychological risk factors for social isolation in older adults tend to be reflected in mental health challenges such as dementia and depression. Physical risk factors that include such things as limited mobility; incontinence, vision/hearing loss and physical fatigue help to fuel the onset of social isolation (Nicolson, 2012). Social factors’ including death of friends and family and language barriers also contributes to social isolation (Elder Retrum, 2012). When combined, these psychological, physical and social factors can lead to full blown isolation in older adults causing them to feel they have a lack of

Workflow Design Tools in the Health Information Management

Question: Define each of the following work design tools and provide an example of how/when each might be used in health information management: workflow diagram, process flowchart, top down process map, swimlane diagram and use case. Answer: Definition and Example of workflow Diagram A workflow includes repetition of all activities of the business enabled by the systematic organization of resources in transformation of materials, services and process information. It involves all the operations in a sequence declared as work of a group, staff or more than the complex mechanisms. Workflow considers as the representation of real work. The flow show as the documents of the services of health care being transfers from one to another. It identifies all the hurdles by improving the full utilization of resources (Sharp and McDermott, 2013). Example: In data analysis of health care, a workflow can be used to represent the steps in a clear sequence that makes the complex data analysis involves data manipulation and data search steps. Process flowchart Definition and example Flowcharts help in visualizing all the steps in the process. It is use to search one source of a problem or more than one with an identification of its solutions/ improvements. Process flowcharts are used to show the relation in between the major parts of the system (DeRosier, Stalhandske, Bagian , Nudell , 2011). Groups and the whole departments is accountable for taking the charge of the process and complete task. The whole process shows through the flowchart. All individuals works under the process flowchart consider as players. Sequential thinking helps in identifying the steps in the process flowchart. Flowchart shows graphically with the help of rows and columns corresponding to the attached work units example- Nursing (Lighter, 2010). All steps of the flowchart are arranged properly in a sequence. In first step, place the card in the column / row that parallel to the player account for it The second step should be placed along within the process to clear and show that it will occur later. The flowchart of nursing shows below (Source: Public Health, Nurses only visit https://www.hrsa.gov/publichealth/business/healthit/toolbox/HealthITAdoptiontoolbox/index.html) Top down process map definition and example The top down method is known as the parking lot list. The main process steps are consider from the top and then all the sub processes are mentioned below efficiently limited the level of the detail present. Parking lot lists are always mentioned in hierarchical nature and clears the concept that how all the steps are mentioned on the map (Huser, Rasmussen, Oberg, Starren, 2011). A step mentioned below the process step is at the low level in the hierarchy than the step placed on besides the previous step of the process. This method is stated as weak because one level of the hierarchy has no link with the other maps. Example in health care- This method adopted to recognize the safety hazards for the patients in the quality and safety in health care. Mapping Level Detail Hierarchical Multiple flows Organization structure Icons Logic operators Flow time Citations Top down Swim lane diagram definition and example A swim lane diagram workflow uses the blocks showing all the steps use in the process. Diagrams consist with all the rows and the columns represent areas performing different functions. Functional area represents individual who has the responsibility for completing the steps. Each one represents different types of responsibilities. Steps uses in the block shown in the chronological order. It all seems easy when it comes for the overall process (Sharp and McDermot, 2013). Example: The details of the swim lane workflows show the process of the medical pre- authorization. Many health insurers need the medical procedures before rendering the services. From left to the right, each swim lane shown as a accountable party like insurer, member and provider. Each square box shows as a task in the process before starting of the next step. Use case definition and example Use case is imperative technique that is use at a large scale in modern software engineering since their formal introduction done by the scholar. It is a sequence of all interactions done in between the user and the system that make capable the user to meet his goals. Example- Collect all information on present medications, allergies and intolerances related to medication Make changes in an existed medications needs to be continued Communicate all information at discharge to the care at the next level References Huser, V, Rasmussen, LV, Oberg, R, Starren, JB. (2011). "Implementation of workflow engine technology to deliver basic clinical decision support functionality". BMC Medical Research Methodology 11: 43. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-43. PMC 3079703. PMID 21477364. edit Lighter, DE. (2010). Process orientation in health care quality. In: Moore C, editor. Quality management in health care: principles and methods. 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 43-101. DeRosier, J, Stalhandske, E, Bagian , J, Nudell , T.(2011). Using health care failure mode and effect analysis: The VA national center for patient safetys prospective risk analysis system. Jt Comm J Qual Improv. 2002 May; 28(5):248-267. Sharp, A and McDermott, P.(2013). Workflow Modeling: Tools for Process Improvement and Application Development . Norwood, MA. Fisher, Layna. (2012_. Workflow Handbook. Lighthouse Point, FL. https://www.futstrat.com/books/handbook06.php

Multidimensional Framework Essay Example

Multidimensional Framework Paper The multidimensional frame work is used to focus on the bio-psycho-social context of human development, and introduces social workers perspective on human behavior and the influences from the social environment. The application and utilization of the multidimensional framework is to direct the procedure of assessment, intervention and evaluation for the generalist social work process. This framework also shows the relationships between life-span concern and the understanding of person-environment transactions and use of the generalist social work method with individuals, families, groups, organizations, communities, culture and society are all areas of study. Throughout this paper, I will be demonstrating my assessment skill using the multidimensional framework and the micro theory related to human growth, development and change during my childhood. In gaining understanding about my biophysical structure, I have realized that the biophysical helps to describe my structure and how it affects my human behavior. It is to my knowledge that my physical structure is within a healthy, functional and in great shape due to my healthy eating habits and regular exercise. These principles have been handed to me during my childhood by my mother and most of my extended family. I was raised in a Christian home and beliefs of healthy eating and natural remedies for the body. I am aware of my families’ medical history with arthritis and how it may affect me in the future. I am also aware of the ways that I can avoid this health condition from happening to me. We will write a custom essay sample on Multidimensional Framework specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Multidimensional Framework specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Multidimensional Framework specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

A Canticle For Leibowitz essays

A Canticle For Leibowitz essays Walter M. Miller portrays an idea of how he thinks technology will affect society many years in the future. This is not necessarily how we think technology will affect society. The role technology has on human existence and the consequence that change has on humanity are outlined and developed throughout the three separate parts of the novel: Fiat Homo, Fiat Lux and Fiat Voluntas Tua A Canticle for Leibowitz. is set many years in the future, after the devastation of the Nuclear Holocaust and the Flame Deluge. The Holocaust has destroyed any technology known to man and forced society to start over. The survivors of the holocaust rid society of any intelligence including doctors, scientists, and any who are educated. The survivors do this because they feel threatened by the knowledge people have and become simpletons. They also see the educated as the cause of the holocaust in the first place, they feel that because scientists invented nuclear weapons, its their fault they were used to destroy the world. In the beginning of the novel the scientists use the church as a place of comfort and wisdom. The monks transcribe all the remains of the book print, into illuminated manuscripts. These illuminated manuscripts are essential to society because they are the only source of knowledge from the past and can be used to predict what the future will hold. There are many themes presented in the first part of the novel that are developed throughout the novel; technologies role on human existence and the consequences that change has on humanity. Nearly 600 years later is when the second part of the novel, Fiat Lux, takes place. Miller shows how alluring the power of technology has become to society. It also shows the many consequences that the advancement of technology can cause. A character in ...

ITM 301 Mod 5 CBT Principles of Information Systems in Business and Essay

ITM 301 Mod 5 CBT Principles of Information Systems in Business and Organizations - Essay Example So these are very effective in improving organizational performance (Jackson, 2006). Groupware applications are also decision support systems that include Collaboration tools with additional facilities regarding this type of decisions. They provide time management, project management systems, workflow systems, knowledge management systems and lot of other facilities that useful for organization decision making. You only have to load the project related data, these system analyze time line, resources, and other planning related factors to predict the required results (Adams. et al, 1992). How an organization can choose a groupware application for its working and making its infrastructure more efficient and managed? There are many factors that are needed to elaborate before the choice of groupware application. They include organizational structure and its working design. There are also many difficulties with groupware systems like these are relatively complex systems. The main problem is every person is different from other; dealing with all type of people in a single application is really a big challenge. So groupware applications are designed in such a way that they can address all people requirements (Adams. et al, 1992). The problem in many cases is that groupware systems are relatively complex, made up of numerous elements that can be assembled in different ways by different people at different times. Unfortunately, only there are few improvements, but its not always clear in advance what they are, and because systems tend to be implemented in small steps, its often hard to arrive at optimal configurations for these technologies (Jackson, 2006). The reciprocal nature of systems and organizational design processes is that deigning/planning done by a system is more rigid and inflexible as compared to human designed situations. In this case it is complicated that human can

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

International Business - Essay Example hift in the policy happened is the question to be discussed in this essay as it will analyze as to why the government withdrawn from intervening in the market and what may have changed over the period of time. In UK, the architects of the free market policies were Margret Thatcher who was largely considered as the Prime Minister with the mandate to reverse the economic decline of UK. The major influence on Margret Thatcher was from Milton Friedman- a Noble Prize winning economist whom she described as the reviver of economics of liberty.(Cornwell,2006). It started with the privatization process initiated basically in order to make institutions more competitive because of the long term chronic problems of the UK economy. The process of privatization was slow and done in phases where the government gradually sold their stakes in the public enterprises to make them function under the private management in order to make them more efficient. (Cook, 2009). The long term failure of fiscal economics as UK was facing strong inflationary pressures. The policy response from Thatcher government was to gradually decrease the State intervention into the affairs of the free market by leaving them on the ir own to float and regulate the market. Further, the initial steps also included banning unionism within the organizations to increase their efficiency and at the same time providing rights to the workers in order to balance the power within the organizations. Another very important measure taken while making a stride towards free markets was the fact the monetary policy was made largely independent. However, it was largely directed at controlling and managing inflationary pressures on the economy. Interest and tax rates were cut besides reducing expenditure on the social security nets in a bid to lessen the influence and intervention of government from the market. As a result of this, UK witnessed a gradual decrease in its inflation and could achieve growth rates which were

Exploration of methods and problems

Exploration of methods and problems Introduction Increased competitive advantage and the rapidly changing global environment (Bach, 2005) are the two most important reasons for putting pressure on firms for their survival. It is these measures which make the organisation realise the need for strategic human resource planning. Strategic human resource planning links human resource planning towards the strategic direction of the company (De Cenzo Robbins, 1996) ensuring that the organisations continued growth is maintained by attracting and retaining people with high-calibre (Cooper, Robertson, Tinline, 2003). This brings into the need for the right recruitment and selection policy and procedures to be in place. But, ironically, it is still seen that many organisations still adopt wasteful approaches towards selections and most of the time vacancies get filled in an unplanned manner without a systematic job analysis keeping in mind whether specific jobs would be needed or not (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). As poor selection decisions can have ruinous effects for the organisation ranging from cost factors to productivity, it is essential to recruit and select the right people. These facts form the basis of my dissertation study exploring the recruitment and selection methods and problems within an organisation. This proposal provides a brief outline about my intended research process. I begin by highlighting the significance of my research along with the objectives I tend to achieve. Secondly, I explain briefly about the literature review available on the recruitment and selection process. The methodology section will tell about the techniques I will adopt for the data collection and analysis. And the limitations that may be encountered during my study are covered in the final section. Rationale behind my study and its Significance This research is informative and significant from the viewpoint that behavioural traits should be checked during the recruitment and selection process for the effectiveness of quality management making sure that both the technical and social systems so as to become difficult to imitate by competitors due to casual ambiguity and path dependency leading to sustaining organisational performance for a long time (Ahmad Schroeder, 2002). Also, an effective recruitment and selection strategy not only makes sure that the company achieves competitive advantage and success but it is also important because new recruits are a medium for amending organisational cultures as well as considered an opportunity for acquiring new skills by managers (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). In addition, a wrong selection can be expensive in relation to retrain poor performers and to recruit new employees in replacement of ones who quit and the ones who were wrongly selected. Also, this can lead to loss of potential clients along with redundancy packages. Therefore, lastly through this study the negative effects that wrong selection decisions can have will be brought into notice. Research Objectives The research will be conducted in a multinational organisation whose â€Å"strategic goals are motivated by the desire to develop an efficient and integrated business on an international scale along and the groups philosophy being to build well-defined, value-added businesses focusing on serving the needs of select market niches where it can compete effectively (About Us: Investec)†. All these point towards having a workforce which can effectively contribute in helping the company achieve its targets. Therefore, the purpose of study is to explore the recruitment and selections methods adopted by the organisation to see the nature and the quality of people working in it and the efficiency of the current methods. The research basically addresses the following questions: Are the various recruitment and selection methods practiced by the organisations today as suggested by the literature really apt? Do the recruitment policies and procedures actually help in achieving the outcomes which are expected by the organisation? What are the factors (job and role specifications, recruitment media, selection techniques etc.) that affect the designing and implementation of the staffing process? Does cost, organisational resistance to change and national culture have an impact on the recruiting efforts? Can recommendations be suggested to improve the recruitment and selection process within an organisation? Literature Review 1. Introduction Thought it may seem that recruitment and selection are similar terms due to their functions being complementary, this review discusses them separately along with the function of job analysis in the overall recruitment and selection process. Firstly, an overview of the process will be given considering its various stages, and discussing each stage separately with the pros and cons. In the end specific issues related to national culture and costs affecting recruiting efforts will be discussed. 2. Overview of the Recruitment and Selection Process A recruitment and selection process is a method by which a company aims to satisfy its manpower needs at the minimum cost possible to ensure the effective continuing of the organisations operation. The main purpose of a recruitment and selection process is to study personality differences between individuals and the way it affects their ability to performance the subsequent job (Searle, 2003). Defining requirements, attraction and recruitment, shortlisting and assessment or selection are the four stages of a recruitment and selection process (Armstrong, 2006). Requirements mean preparation involving analysis of job to identify the needs along with what is involved already which results in job summary and person specifications as the outputs. Attraction is a medium to identify and evaluate sources of applicants keeping in mind that it is a two -way relationship with the firm deciding who to attract as well as the applicants decision making power whether to join the organisation (Taylor, 2005). Finally, the selection stage involves selecting the most suitable person(s) to fill the job from a pool of recruited good applicants (Cook, 2004). 2.1 Job Analysis Job Analysis or Role analysis is the most important stage in recruitment and selection as it provides the information related to the job (work-oriented) along with the skills and traits a person (worker-oriented) should have to perform the job (Searle, 2003). According to Pearn and Kandola (1993), Job analysis is simply defined as â€Å"a systematic procedure for obtaining detailed and objective information about a job, task or role.† to provide job descriptions and data for recruitment, training needs, performance evaluation and management. Job analysis can be done using a number of techniques ranging from focusing on the elements of work to being sensitive towards workers and their attributes. However, the main methods that are used are observation methods, interviews, and questionnaires and checklists. Because of drawbacks associated with each method, it is argued that techniques be combined for a clear and proper person specification description (Cooper, Robertson, Tinline, 2003). Also, there are issues of stability and accuracy concerned with job analysis, as a result of which there must be updating at all times. Also, job analysis is based on the assumption of one right way to perform the job instead of others, raising questions in regard of interrelationship between the worker and the organisation (Searle, 2003). Job Descriptions Job descriptions are the output of the job analysis concerned with a brief description about the job(s) to be taken up. Though they vary between organisations, generally the same categories are included: job title, location, responsible to whom and for what, main purpose of the job, principal job duties and any other duties. A point worth noting is that, despite, these used widely, they are criticised for being irrelevant to modern times as they are lack flexibility and are just based on rules. The criticism being that workers see their task as being defined making them abide by the rules instead of encouraging them to perform and add value beyond those. As a result, job descriptions are seen to be replaced by accountability profiles which focus on outputs rather than the components of the process. Also, another strategy involves the use of role definitions and key result area statements (KRAs) that refer to the measures for performance for the job (Armstrong and Marchington). Selection Criteria/Person Specifications This is the second documentation derived from job analysis. Person specifications are basically the human attributes required for filling up the role. Basically these specifications are based on certain heading following traditional seven point and five-point plans of Rodger (1952) and Fraser (1996) respectively. This forms the basis of selection criteria so as to reduce the number of applicants and in the end only have well-qualified candidates with the right requirements. However, in todays world competency frameworks relying on behaviour of applicants have replaced the earlier frameworks relying on personal judgement. This is because of the fact of reducing subjectivity in the recruitment and selection process and the tendency to judge personal qualities (Suff and Newell, 2006). Also, they can be related to performance outcome and stay clear of criteria that though may be easy to measure but may not relate to job effectiveness. 2.2 Recruitment The next stage after job analysis is the recruitment stage. Recruitment refers to tapping potential candidates from a pool of candidates based on the right skills and qualifications after filtering through the job analysis technique. It is important because it determines quality and quality of the applicants which in turn is necessary for the organisations overall financial performance and eventually its growth and success (Carlson, Connerley, Mecham, 2002). However, despite recruitment being the pre-requisite for selection to take place, it is still noteworthy that very little attention has been given to recruitment in theoretical underpinnings (Breaugh Starke, 2000). Also, recruiting efforts might be faced with some constraints ranging from issues relating to whether to recruit or not, sources from where to recruit and at what cost to organisations image, attractiveness of the job, internal policies and legal influence. Nevertheless, the different recruitment methods that can be adopted are advertising, use of employment agencies, internal recruitment, e-recruiting, on-campus recruiting and employee recommendations/referrals. The effectiveness of each of these methods can be tested in terms of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The former takes into account various costs in relation to the number of applicants generated, neglecting the newcomers ability to perform. Whereas the latter is concerned with judging the best candidate testing the absenteeism, turnover, retention and attitude at work. However, research has shown that informal methods (employee recommendations, internal search) are better and more effective that the formal methods of advertising and college placement. 2.3 Pre-selection/Shortlisting It is seen that not all the persons have the necessary skills, qualifications and experience to perform a job. Hence, based on the criteria of Curriculum Vitae and Application forms applicants are reduced. This process of choosing candidates on the basis of their curriculum vitas (CVs)/application forms after the recruitment stage is known as Shortlisting. The applicants fill up questionnaires about their personal details, education background, work experience, strengths and leisure activities. Judging upon these the HR specialists generate two categories of applicants: possible and rejected on the basis of having the required skills or not respectively, thereby, shortlisting the possible ones for the further stages of selection process serving as a path to the interview stage (Lewis, 1985). However, this criteria of shortlisting suffers from drawbacks as poor application forms with limit space under headings can put off potential candidates due to they not being able to provide adequate information (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008) ultimately leading to artificial responses. Also, often applicants provide false information as seen by Poole and Warner (1998), â€Å"It was reported that 30 percent of applications contained false information.† 2.4 Selection The final stage in the recruitment and selection process is that of selection. Selection is defined as a negative activity because of it choosing the best candidates and turning down others from a bunch to decide who is best-suited and fits the job most effectively. The classic trio comprising of application form, letter of reference and interview is the most prevalent selecting technique employed. This is due to it being straightforward and the least expensive of all the other methods. Also, other methods like assessment centres are not used due to them being the one with the highest validity which can deter the candidates from applying further. The range of selection methods that can be used for filling the job position are interviews, references, assessment centres, psychometric tests, work samples and biodata. However, no single selection method can predict with certainty that only a single individual will perform better in all situations. Hence, it is important to select the most appropriate technique. The Also, it is evident that most of the selection techniques have very low accuracy when it comes to effective selection decisions. Moreover, in order to know which tool to use, we need to know what is being measured and how well. The above factors, therefore, bring into account the need for assessing the value of each method in terms of practicability, sensitivity, reliability and validity (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). 2.5 Specific issues: Costs and National Culture There are certain specific issues (costs and national culture) which play an important role in determining which selection methods to be employed by an organisation for selection of the new personnel. The focus is on selection due to the lack of literature on these issues concerning recruitment techniques. Costs The choice of a selection method to be used depends a lot on its cost. An organisations HR managers aim to use selection methods scoring high on validity along with being cost-effective. However, a selection method generating employees of utmost importance can be still be practised even if it is costly owing to the fact that successful employee selection leading to better productivity and performance is the overall goal of the organisation which in turn can outweigh the cost effects. National Culture National culture is basically defined as the values, customs, behaviour and attitudes a particular community, society or group tends to follow distinguishing them from other groups of different ethnicity. Each organisation has a corporate culture which arises on the basis of values and rituals of the country in which it is operating. The employees working in the company are also influenced by society and hence it can be seen that the elements of national culture are to an extent embedded in the organisation culture (Sparrow Hiltrop, 1994). The selection method a company uses to select new candidates also depends a lot on the social environment as some methods may be acceptable in one country and not in the other due to cultural differences. An outcome of a survey conducted by Ryan et al (1999) showed that uncertainty decision is the prime factor in influencing an organisations decisions in deciding which selection method to use. Therefore, it is seen that tests and interviews are the selecting methods used by countries which want less uncertainty, as these processes decrease uncertainty owing to the fixed questionnaire due to which the predictability of selecting the right person increases. 2.6 Conclusion This review showed a brief overview about the recruitment and selection process. However, the literature review on recruitment and selection methods were not discussed as they will be compared in my research with the methods being used in the organisation currently weighing each ones pros and cons along with the problems faced by the organisation and recommendations will be given. Methodology Designing the research I will rely on the phenomenological qualitative methods for the collection and analysis of data taking into account the inductive approach, for my study (Saunders, Thornhill, Lewis, 2006). This inductive approach will let me come out with the best possible answers for my research objectives due to it being able to explore better the behaviours and perceptions of people helping me get an overall insight into the research context in relation to an everyday life. Furthermore, as I am concerned only with a single organisation, I will be following the case-study approach. The reason behind my choosing a single firm is the fact that this will help me focus on my research leading to getting a deep understanding of the policy and procedures related to recruitment and selection with the firm. Data collection method Gathering of data will take place using semi-structured interviews along with open-ended questionnaires. The interviews would be held within the workplace with about 15 employees with most of them being the senior HR mangers as they are the ones responsible for the recruitment process taking the view concerned with the organisational decision-making in selection procedures. In contrast to this, if possible, I will also try and gain an insight into the candidates reactions to selection methods in order to take the applicants perspectives in the decision making process. This will be done through the use of questionnaires if not interviews with the applicants applying to the company. The reason behind using semi-structured interviews is that they have a personal contact and will help the interviewees to express their feelings, concerns and opinions with ease of freedom without the fear of being cut in between letting them further frame their responses. This will ensure a collection of detailed and ampler data set. Data Analysis All the interviews will be tape recorded so as to fill in any gaps which might have been left during the interview and transcribed for analysis. However to protect confidentiality, these will be recorded only after a written signatory permission from the respondents. I plan to adopt the template analysis approach for my analysis in which a â€Å"researcher generates a list of codes or templates in order to represent themes identified in the textual data (King, 2004)†. This will basically provide a key summary of my findings along with a flexibility level to change themes with the course of analysis. Also, this approach will be very useful in comparing differences in the perspectives of different groups of staff. Depending on the research objectives, an initial template will be created with the gathered data being coded into broad themes which will further be broken down into specific patterns as the analysis progresses. In the end, the final template will seek to explain all the research questions in addition to any new findings emerging out of the research. LIMITATIONS There are a number of limitations the research might be subjected to. Firstly, since the research will take place in a single organisation, issues regarding reliability and validity of the data for suitability within other firms may arise. This raises the question about the generalisation of the research findings beyond the parent organisation. However, this should make the research less sound owing to evolving businesses and to the nature of all human beings to perceive things differently. Secondly, time constraints might be another issue. The time available to do a thorough research isnt enough as it requires a lot of travel too. Moreover, since I can just conduct my research in the organisation for a maximum of a month, this may result in collection of irrelevant or inadequate data at times due to a hurried collection process. In addition to all these limitations other problems may arise as well. The employees of the organisation might be hesitant in giving interviews at workplace because of the fear of job-cuts due to recession. Hence, in this scenario I will try my best to conduct interviews be it in the form of telephonic interviews. Moreover, it might be possible not to carry out face to face interviews at times as some of the managers might not be available. Also, there is no guarantee to finish all the interviews within the specified time period. Another possibility might be that due to sensitivity issues regarding me being an outsider, the company may be reluctant in providing all the required information for my research. A final limitation might be about the arrangement for access into the organisation falling short. Though, I do not think that the multinational organisation would deny me access but, if such a thing happens, I have a back-up plan with an access to another organisation which will surely give me an access. This firm is an IT firm in India and has guaranteed to give me an access. Despite these problems likely to arise during my course of research, I am sure I will be able to handle and tackle them effectively. I am also confident to be able to achieve answers to my research objectives completing my research successfully. Bibliography About Us: Investec. (n.d.). Retrieved March 2010, from Investec: http://www.investec.com/en_gb/#home.html Ahmad, S., Schroeder, R. G. (2002). ‘The importance of recruitment and selection process in the sustainablity of total quality management. International Journal of Quality and Reliabilty Management, 19 (5), pp 540-550. Armstrong, M. (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management (10th ed.). London; Philadelphia: Kogan Page. Bach, S. (2005). Managing human resources: personnel management in transition (4th ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. Breaugh, J., Starke, M. (2000). ‘Research on employee recruitment: so many studies, so many remaining questions. Journal of Management, 26 (3), pp 405-434. Carlson, K. D., Connerley, M. L., Mecham, R. L. (2002). ‘Recruitment Evaluation: The case for assessing the quality of applicants attracted. Personnel Psychology, 55 (2), pp 461-490. Cook, M. (2004). Personnel Selection: Adding Value Through People (4th Edition ed.). Chicester: John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Cooper, D., Robertson, I. T., Tinline, G. (2003). Recruitment and Selection: A Framework for Success. London: Thomson. De Cenzo, D. A., Robbins, S. P. (1996). Human Resource Management (5th ed.). Chicester: Wiley. King, N. (2004). Using Templates in Thematic Analysis of Text. In C. M. Cassell, G. Symon, Essential guide to qualitative methods in organizational research. London: Sage Publications. Lewis, C. (1985). Employee Selection. London: Hutchinson. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A. (2008). Human Resource Management at work: People Management and Development (4th ed.). London: CIPD. Pearn, M., Kandola, R. S. (1993). Job Analysis: A managers guide (2nd ed.). London: Institute of Personnel Management. Poole, M., Warner, M. (1998). The IEBM handbook of Human Resource Management. London: International Thomson Business. Ryan, A. M., McFarland, L., Baron, H., Page, R. (1999). ‘An international look at selection practices: Nation and Culture as explanations for variability in Practices. Personnel Pscychology, 52 (2), pp 359-391. Saunders, M., Thornhill, A., Lewis, P. (2006). Research Methods for Business Students (4th ed.). Harlow: Pearson. Searle, R. H. (2003). Selection and Recruitment: a Critical Text. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Smith, M., Robertson, I. T. (1993). The Theory and Practice of Systematic Personnel Selection (2nd ed.). Basingstoke: Macmillan. Sparrow, P., Hiltrop, M. J. (1994). European Human Resource Management in Transition. New York: Prentice Hall. Taylor, S. (2005). People Resourcing. London: CIPD.

Star Jones :: essays research papers

Starlet Marie Jones was born on March 24, 1962 in Badin, North Carolina. She lived there with her grandparents while her mom and dad finished college. Then at the age of six, Jones and her sister moved to Trenton, New Jersey, to live with their mom. After moving to New Jersey, Star started to shine in school. She always held the top grades throughout school and after graduating from a parochial school she enrolled in the American University in Washington, DC. While at American, Star sang in the gospel choir and joined Alpha Kappa Alpha, a very prestigious African-American sorority. She was a popular student on campus and was given the nickname of â€Å"Star.† It was at American that Jones was diagnosed with inoperable tumor and given nine months to live. She didn’t want to believe the news so she went and had a second opinion. It was discovered that the tumor was indeed removable and it was removed. She went on to graduate from the University of Houston's law school and then passed the New York State bar exam the first time around. She then got a job at district attorney's office in Brooklyn. After three years with the district attorney, she started handling violent crime cases, gaining quite a reputation for nabbing stiff sentences for offenders. While working with violent crimes she was promoted to Senior Assistant District Attorney. She’s most remembered as her work on the â€Å"Bicycle Rapist† case in which she won a 66-year prison term for the offender. In 1991, she landed a job as a part-time legal commentator for Court TV. In 1992, she had a contract with the Today Show as their legal correspondent. She managed to land â€Å"hard-to-get† interviews with some of the most famous people in the world including Mike Tyson. Those interviews are what led to her getting national fame. She also gained respect for her reporting on such trials as O.J. Simpson and Lorena Bobbit. Star Jones was soon given her own television courtroom show called Jones & Jury where she played host/judge and the audience played the jury. Her biggest break came in 1997 when she became one of the hosts on ABC’s The View. Her stint on the view has given her the opportunity to expand her views and comments on various ranges of topics. Not only is Star a famous talk show host, but she’s a best selling author as well as an actress.

Mark Twain: Man of Many Tales Essay

Mark Twain, the father of American literature, was a prominent figure in the writing world. He used realism in his works and created American based tales drawn from his own life and experiences. It can also be said that Twain was a humorist. Some may ask why is Mark Twain considered to be the father of American Literature? The only way to answer this question is to analyze Mark Twain, his life, and his works. Before Mark Twain became a brilliant and successful writer he was just a small town boy born in Missouri. He was born in a town called Florida on November 30, 1835. When he was young, his family moved to Hannibel, Missouri. Mark Twain grew up in the time of slavery and later incorporated his experience with it into his novels. Ever since Twain was a little boy he always loved to write. At the young age of twelve he became an apprentice in a printing shop. As years past on Mark Twain traveled frequently. He wanted to peruse his childhood dream of becoming a river pilot. When the Civil War came upon America his dream was quickly over. He returned to Hannibel and decided to enlist as a confederate solider. No matter how many dreams he skimmed through he always seemed to end up with a pen in his hand and paper to write on. In 1863, he published his first work called Innocents Abroad. His book was criticized harshly. Many critics did not want Mark Twain to pursue a career because they thought he wasn’t a good enough writer. After a few more years of traveling and trying to pursue a writing career, he met and married Olivia Langdon whom he had three children with. When his son died, Mark Twain fell into a depression. He often blamed himself at times for his son’s death. After his son’s death he published other works that were not so successful. When Mark Twain reached his middle age he started to become very successful in his writing. He published some of American Literatures’ greatest works such as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Prince and the Pauper. The works that Mark Twain wrote in his middle age years are said to be the reason why he is considered to be the father of American Literature. Some considered him to be the father of American literature based on his  representation of American life, social observations and the political issues that were happening in America. Others argue that his technique of realism helped him achieve the title of being the father of American literature. He was the first of authors to write in the vernacular, which is simple, everyday language. He was an opponent of slavery and often combined humor with scathing social commentary.† Mark Twain himself claimed, â€Å"I am not an American, I am the American.† Throughout Mark Twains writing career he became very successful. He wrote many books that today are American Literature staples. The Prince and the Pauper was published in 1882. This story tells about two young boys, similar is appearance but born on opposite sides of the social-economic spectrum. One is a Prince while the other is very poor. As they switch places, they both change. The pauper wishes to return back to the slums and the Prince becomes more compassionate. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published in January 1885. It tells the story of a boy named Huck and a slave named Jim. Huck meets Jim on an Island while escaping his father and decides to help free Jim from slavery. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer tells the tale of two young boys who become friends and witness a murder. Despite an agreement to keep the murder a secret, Tom discloses the murderer. The murderer manages to get away and begins a small adventure for the boys. In the end, the boys walk away with Gold. In most of his works the most evident form of writing he uses is realism. Realism in literary works represents the reality of the story. According to The Bedford Anthology of American Literature, â€Å"Realism sets itself at work to consider characters and events which are apparently the most ordinary an uninteresting, in order to extract from these their full value and true meaning. It would apprehend in all particulars the connection between familiar and the extraordinary, and the scene and the unseen of human nature. Beneath the deceptive cloak of outwardly uneventful days, it detects and endeavors to trace the outlines of the spirits that are hidden there, to measure the changes in their growth, to watch then symptoms of moral decay or regeneration, to fathom their histories of passionate or intellectual problems. In short, realism reveals. Where we thought nothing worthy of  notice, it shows everything to be rife with significance.† (Pg.33) Through times of hardships and doubt Mark Twain never gave up on his goal to becoming a successful writer. Many writers often have inspiration that makes them work harder for their goals. They have people who they look up to because they connect with their writing styles. Mark Twain was his own inspiration. In his novels he took his past experiences and made unique and imaginative stories. In the story The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Mark Twain states, â€Å"Most of the adventures recorded in this book really occurred; one or two were experiences of my own, the rest of those boys were schoolmates of mine. Huck is drawn from life; Tom Sawyer also, but not from an individual—he is a combination of the characteristics of three boys whom I knew, and therefore belongs to the composite order of architecture.† His mother and the salves that he met as a child inspired his novel, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Also the character of Tom Sawyer was a reflection of Mark Twain himself. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn he based his characters on his childhood friends. He used realism in terms of showing the actual racial and political issues of that time. In addition Twain was also inspired by his surroundings. As stated â€Å"Hannibal, Missouri is a port town on the Mississippi River that inspired the fictional stories called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Missouri was a slave state and Twain became familiar with slavery that helped him in writing his books.† Twain’s greatest achievement was what he represented as an American. The Mark Twain House and Museum best describe this American representation. It is expressed that, â€Å"†¦ how could Twain be considered â€Å"the American?† Precisely because he enjoyed the freedoms that America provides. He used our freedom of speech to question our leaders, mock hypocrisy and praise those he deemed worthy of praise. He used the freedom of the press to tell the truth, stretch the truth and create his own truth. He created the embodiment of American childhood with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. He exposed our institutionalized racism that denied rights to African Americans in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson. He was a Capitalist who started his own businesses and earned his own wealth. Twain  also, like many Americans, faced debt and imminent foreclosure. He voted his conscience and used his freedom of religion to pursue his own path toward understanding and challenging the Immortal. He embraced the American ability to invent you. How else would a Samuel Clemens become a Mark Twain? Of course, he was born in America, but he also represented America across the globe. In turn, he brought the world back to American shores through his travel writing, helping us become global citizens. He became an internationally renowned celebrity, something American culture craves. And finally, his books engendered all of the liberties that we hold dear – books that are widely read in countries where those freedoms are denied. As such, maybe Mark Twain is â€Å"the American.† One can say from his works and life that Mark Twain is the father of American Literature. His writings brought the American life and stories to readers all over the world. His style of humor and realism was a massive staple in leading the way for other writers to represent stories in a more realistic way. He fits the title of the father of American Literature because he was very much an American and very much a talented writer that brought America to paper. Sources http://www.gradesaver.com/author/mark-twain/ http://fictionwriting.about.com/od/interviews/p/marktwain.htm http://americanprofile.com/articles/mark-twain-the-father-of-american-literature/ http://www.softschools.com/timelines/mark_twain_timeline/131/ http://marktwainhouse.blogspot.com/2011/06/i-am-not-american-i-am-american.html The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain Mark Twain Biography by Susan Bivin Aller The Bedford Anthology of American Literature

Fonderia Di Torino S.P.A. - 1704 Words

In order to determine the attractiveness of the investment it is important to determine the financial impact that the new Vulcan mold-maker will have on the firm if it replaces their current machines. It will be necessary to take into consideration both quantitative and qualitative measures. This project should be considered an independent project that is accepted or rejected on its own merits. The project will be decided from a cost/benefit standpoint by looking at the project s projected discounted cash flows, the calculated NPV of the project, the IRR and PI. Finally, the project s other qualitative advantages and disadvantages must also be considered before the project is accepted or rejected. Question 1: What is the basic nature†¦show more content†¦What DCF did you get? Answer: Price of new machine = (1,010,000) Current after-tax market value of old machine; = [130,000+{(415,807-130,682)-130,000}*0.43]= 196,704 Net outlay for new machine; =-1,010,000+196,704 = -813,296 Appropriate discount rate; = Rs = Rf+B(Rm-Rf) = 5.3%+1.25*6% =12.8% Rb = 6.8%*(1-0.43) = 3.88% R(wacc) = (33%)*(3.88%)+(67%)*(12.8%) = 9.86% Net Present Value Since we are not provided with the information or evidence about cash inflow needed to calculate the Net Present Value, we assumed three different scenarios to cover all possible outcomes. Replace with New (automated) Machine Initial Cash Outlay = (813,296)Show MoreRelatedFonderia Di Torino S.P.A.1148 Words   |  5 PagesFinance Case Study: Fonderia di Torino S.p.A. Case Overview: Company considering purchase of Vulcan Mold-Maker automated molding machine. Machine prepares sand molds into molten iron using iron castings, automates manual intensive process. Questions: 1. Assess the economic benefits of acquiring the Vulcan Mold-Maker machine. What is the initial outlay? What are the benefits over time? What is an appropriate discount rate? Does the net present value (NPV) warrant the investment in theRead MoreEssay on Fonderia Di Torino S.P.A.1076 Words   |  5 PagesFonderia di Torino S.P.A. Case analysis report Fonderia di Torino S.p.A, founded in 1912 by Benito Cerini, was a manufacturing company who produced metal castings using semi-automated molding machines. The company’s main line of business was the production of precision metal castings for use in automotive, aerospace, and construction equipment. The company excelled at this and was awarded because of the quality of its products. The mainly European customers of Fonderia di Torino were original-equipmentRead MoreFonderia Di Torino S.P.a Essay727 Words   |  3 PagesFonderia di Torino, S.p.A Midterm Individual Case Fonderia di Torino, S.p.A is a manufacturing company who produces metal castings using six semi-automated molding machines. However, they are currently considering purchasing a Vulcan Mold-Maker machine to replace the six machines currently in place. The firm needs to consider all costs in deciding whether to keep the current machines or purchase the Vulcan Mold-Maker. Buying the Vulcan machine will result in year 0 outflows of 1.01 millionRead MoreFonderia di Torino S.P.A. Case Study860 Words   |  4 PagesFonderia di Torino S.p.A. 1. Please assess the economic benefits of acquiring the Vulcan Mold-Maker machine. What is the initial outlay? What are the benefits over time? What is an appropriate discount rate? Does the net present value(NPV) warrant the investment in the machine? Initial Case Outlay Price of new machine (1,010,000) Current after-tax market value of old machine [130,000+{(415,807-130,682) -130,000}*0.43]= 196,704 Net outlay for new machine -1,010,000+196,704 = -813,296 Appropriate